Objective To explore the effect of immediate aesthetic restoration on social self-confidence level and peer acceptance of children with traumatic crown fracture of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 70 children with traumatic crown fracture of anterior teeth admitted to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yangzhou Stomatological Hospital from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 35 children in each group. The control group received delayed aesthetic restoration, and the observation group received immediate aesthetic restoration. The social self-confidence level, peer acceptance, subjective score of oral function, and anxiety level were compared between the two groups. Results The social self-confidence scores of the observation group at 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The peer acceptance scores of the observation group at 3 and 6 months after restoration were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The subjective scores of oral function of the two groups after restoration were higher than those before restoration, and those of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The anxiety scores of the two groups after restoration were lower than those before restoration, and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Immediate aesthetic restoration after traumatic crown fracture of anterior teeth in children can effectively improve their social self-confidence level and peer acceptance, which is conducive to improving their oral function and reducing anxiety.