Objective To analyze the effect of endoscope-assisted prosthetic breast augmentation via inframammary fold incision on perioperative indicators in patients undergoing breast augmentation. Methods A total of 92 patients who underwent breast augmentation in Zibo M’Crown Medical Cosmetology Hospital Co., Ltd. from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group according to different treatment methods, with 46 patients in each group. The control group underwent traditional prosthetic breast augmentation, and the observation group underwent endoscope-assisted prosthetic breast augmentation via inframammary fold incision. The BREAST-Q score, perioperative indicators, satisfaction and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative BREAST-Q score of the observation group was higher than that of the c ontrol group (P <0.05). The blood loss, postoperative pain duration and postoperative hospitalization time of the observation group were better than those of the control group, but the operation time was longer than that of the control group (P <0.05). The satisfaction scores of breast softness, breast shape, prosthesis edge visibility, nipple-areola sensation, range of motion of both upper limbs and improvement of breast ptosis in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 4.35%, which was lower than 21.74% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application effect of endoscope-assisted prosthetic breast augmentation via inframammary fold incision is definite. It can effectively shorten the postoperative pain duration and hospitalization time, reduce the surgical blood loss and complication rate, thus improving patient satisfaction.