Objective To explore the effect of immediate implant restoration on implant stability and aesthetic effect in patients with single maxillary anterior tooth loss. Methods A total of 62 patients with single maxillary anterior tooth loss who were treated in the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected, and they were divided into the control group (received delayed implant restoration) and the observation group (received immediate implant restoration) by the random number table method, with 31 patients in each group. The implant stability, aesthetic effect and satisfaction, papilla regeneration, alveolar bone resorption and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The implant stability coefficient of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The pink esthetic score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the patients' aesthetic satisfaction was better than that of the control group (P <0.05). The papilla height index of the observation group after 1 year of restoration was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the amount of alveolar bone resorption between the two groups after treatment (P >0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion For patients with single maxillary anterior tooth loss, immediate implant restoration can not only achieve better implant stability and aesthetic effect, and promote the regeneration of papilla morphology, but also will not increase the risk of alveolar bone resorption or complications.