Melasma is a common facial pigmentary dermatosis that mainly affects young and middle-aged women. Its pathogenesis is complex and related to various factors such as ultraviolet radiation, hormonal fluctuations and genetic susceptibility. The main clinical feature of melasma is the appearance of symmetrical brown patches on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and other parts. At present, clinical interventions commonly include basic treatment, topical drugs, systemic medication, chemical peeling, laser therapy and other methods. Focusing on the current status and research progress of its clinical treatment, this paper mainly sorts out the current mainstream treatment plans, aiming to provide certain reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.