Objective To explore the application effect of surgical guided eruption assisted orthodontics treatment in maxillary anterior impacted teeth in children. Methods A total of 70 children with maxillary anterior impacted teeth admitted to our hospital from February 2021 to September 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group (35 children) and the study group (35 children) by the random number table method. The control group was treated with surgical guided eruption, and the study group was treated with surgical guided eruption assisted orthodontics treatment. The orthodontics effect, time-related indicators, eruption time of impacted teeth, pain intensity, periodontal status and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the study group (97.14%) was higher than that of the control group (80.00%) (P<0.05). The gingival breakthrough time and eruption time of impacted teeth in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of VAS in the study group at 1 and 3 months after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The attached gingival width, attached gingival thickness and labial bone plate thickness of the study group at 6 months after treatment were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was 2.86%, which was lower than 17.14% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of surgical guided eruption assisted orthodontics treatment in children with maxillary anterior impacted teeth is helpful to promote the eruption of impacted teeth, reduce pain intensity, improve treatment effect, optimize prognosis, and lower the risk of complications.