Objective To analyze the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on wound healing rate and healing time in patients with deep burn. Methods A total of 50 patients with deep burn treated in the Department of Burn and Wound Repair Surgery, the First Afffliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2023 to February 2025 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 25 patients in each group. The control group was given tangential excision and skin grafting plus other basic treatments, and the observation group was treated with tangential excision and skin grafting plus NPWT. The wound healing indicators, inffammatory indicators, pain intensity and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The wound healing rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the wound healing time was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of NRS in the observation group at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (4.00%) was lower than that in the control group (24.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of NPWT in the treatment of deep burn can improve the wound healing rate, shorten the wound healing time, reduce the inffammatory response, alleviate the pain intensity , and decrease the incidence of complications.