Objective To analyze the effect of Fushu Zhiyang ointment on skin lesion improvement and quality of life in patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis. Methods A total of 100 patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis admitted to Yixing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2023 to August 2025 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with selenium disulffde lotion, and the study group was treated with Fushu Zhiyang ointment on the basis of the control group. The skin lesion improvement, clinical efffcacy, adverse reaction rate and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the scores of erythema, scales, seborrhea, pruritus, lesion area and total score in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the study group (96.00%) was higher than that of the control group (84.00%) (P<0.05). There was no statistically signiffcant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The score of quality of life in the study group after treatment was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Fushu Zhiyang ointment has a good curative effect on scalp seborrheic dermatitis. It can improve skin lesions and enhance treatment effect. At the same time, it can help patients improve their quality of life and has good safety.