Objective To explore the effect of dental anchorage Hyrax expander combined with protraction headgear on cephalometric and occlusion-related indicators in children with early mixed dentition Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion. Methods A total of 50 children with early mixed dentition Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion admitted to Shache County People's Hospital from January to November 2024 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the study group by the random number table method, with 25 children in each group. The control group was treated with FR-Ⅲ functional appliance, and the study group was treated with dental anchorage Hyrax expander+protraction headgear. The cephalometric and occlusion-related indicators, treatment-related parameters and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The SNA and ANB of the study group after treatment were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). The horizontal overjet, ULP and LLP of the study group after treatment were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). The treatment cycle, number of follow-up visits and daily wearing time in the study group were better than those in the control group, and the achievement rate of correction goals, oral hygiene compliance rate and good treatment compliance rate were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group (20.00%) was lower than that in the control group (60.00%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Dental anchorage Hyrax expander combined with protraction headgear has a deffnite effect in the treatment of early mixed dentition Angle Class Ⅲ malocclusion. It can improve the cephalometric and occlusion-related indicators of children, shorten the treatment cycle, reduce follow-up visits, enhance children's compliance and oral hygiene, and reduce the risk of complications.