Objective To explore the effect of tooth extraction site preservation technology on aesthetic effect and dental implant success rate in patients undergoing oral implantation. Methods A total of 70 patients undergoing oral implantation who visited the Department of Stomatology, Shiquan County Hospital from August 2023 to August 2025 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the conventional group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The conventional group received conventional implant restoration, and the observation group received tooth extraction site preservation technology on the basis of the conventional group. The aesthetic effect, alveolar bone status, dental implant success rate, inflammatory factor indicators in gingival crevicular fluid and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The PES score of the observation group after treatment was higher than that of the conventional group (P<0.05). The alveolar bone density, height and width of the observation group after treatment were higher than those of the conventional group (P<0.05). The dental implant success rate of the observation group was higher than that of the conventional group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the observation group after treatment were lower than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (2.86%) was lower than that in the conventional group (22.86%) (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of tooth extraction site preservation technology in oral implant restoration is conducive to maintaining the alveolar bone morphology, thereby effectively improving the aesthetic effect and dental implant success rate, while reducing the gingival crevicular inffammatory response and the incidence of complications.